1: WHAT HAPPENED TO
THE CATHOLIC CHURCH?
Chapter 1
What Happened to the Catholic Church?
Do you feel like the Church today is different from the one you remember? Perhaps the Mass seems less reverent, or maybe Church teachings have become less focused on salvation and more concerned with social and political issues. You might even find yourself wondering: What happened to the clear, consistent Church I once knew.
If these questions resonate with you, you're not alone. Many Catholics—both laity and clergy—are feeling the same sense of unease. Over the last several decades, confusion has grown within the Church, leaving many uncertain about where the truth lies.
The changes you’ve noticed are not your imagination. Something significant happened in the 1960s that altered the direction of the Church: the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965). For many, Vatican II marked a departure from the timeless truths that once defined Catholicism, replacing clarity with ambiguity.
Purpose and Hope for ‘True Catholic Faith’ Website
The True Catholic Faith website is intended to help you explore the profound changes that have occurred in the Church since the 1960s. These changes are not just superficial; they have affected the very core of Catholic doctrine, liturgy, and practice. For some Catholics, this has created confusion and uncertainty, while others may be unaware of the depth of these changes.
By the end of this chapter—and the essay—you will have a better understanding of the shift that has taken place, and hopefully, clarity about the true Catholic faith that was handed down for nearly 2,000 years before Vatican II.
This essay is tailored for three main groups of readers:
Practicing Catholics attending a Novus Ordo parish who may feel something is off but can't quite pinpoint why.
Lapsed Catholics who may have left the Church due to discomfort with its modern direction but are considering returning.
Non-Catholics or Protestants who are curious about the changes in Catholicism and how they compare with its traditional roots.
It will provide you with insight into the shifts that have taken place within the Church over recent decades and how they might be affecting your spiritual journey.
Introducing the Questionnaires
To help you better understand where you stand in relation to the Church today, this essay includes three different questionnaires tailored for each of the intended audiences. These questionnaires are designed to prompt self-reflection and encourage you to consider your own experience of the Church. After completing your respective questionnaire, you’ll be provided with an evaluation and a traditional Catholic prayer to guide you forward.
Please skip ahead to the questionnaire that best fits your current situation:
Practicing Catholics can proceed directly to the next section.
Lapsed Catholics can jump ahead to the Questionnaire for Lapsed Catholics.
Non-Catholics or Protestants can go directly to the Questionnaire for Non-Catholics or Protestants.
Questionnaire for Practicing Catholics
Please answer "Yes" or "No" for each of the following questions:
Do you find that the modern Mass lacks reverence compared to the traditional Latin Mass?
Have you noticed fewer young men pursuing the priesthood and wonder why?
Do you sometimes feel confused by the Church’s statements on ecumenism and religious diversity?
Does Pope Francis’ phrase “Who am I to judge?” regarding moral issues, particularly homosexuality, concern you?
Do you question Pope Francis’ endorsements of progressive social causes such as climate change and economic redistribution?
Do you feel uneasy about receiving Communion in the hand or having laypeople distribute the Eucharist?
Do you believe that the Church focuses more on social issues than on saving souls?
Have you noticed a shift in the Church’s teachings on marriage and family life, and are you concerned about it?
Do you think the Church is becoming too politically aligned with globalist or secular agendas?
Have you wondered if the Church has strayed from its supernatural mission of saving souls?
Evaluate Your Score:
9-10 Yes Answers:
You are a Concerned Traditionalist. You feel deeply troubled by the modern Church’s direction. You likely believe the Church has strayed from its mission and are seeking clarity and a return to tradition. You might already be exploring traditional Catholic communities or the Latin Mass. This essay is for you. It will help you understand how the Church has changed and guide you in your journey toward rediscovering the beauty and depth of the traditional Catholic faith. Open your heart to God’s guidance as you read, and allow this essay to help you reconnect with the sacred traditions of the Church.
Prayer:
O Lord Jesus Christ, who said, “I am the way, the truth, and the life,” help me to follow Your path and remain steadfast in the true faith. Guide me back to the fullness of Your Church, where reverence, clarity, and truth are found. Amen.
6-8 Yes Answers:
You are an Inquiring Conservative. You have significant concerns but aren’t fully committed to traditionalist views. You sense something is wrong, but you are still unsure of the full picture. This essay will help you explore the roots of your concerns and offer answers to the questions you’ve been asking. Take this essay as an opportunity to learn and reflect on the direction of the Church. You may find that some of your questions are shared by many others and that there is a deeper truth waiting to be rediscovered. Be open to what you will read, and trust in God’s wisdom to lead you closer to the truth.
Prayer:
Lord, enlighten my heart and mind as I seek to understand Your truth. Give me the grace to discern what is right and to embrace the teachings that lead me to You. Amen.
3-5 Yes Answers:
You are Unsettled but Unsure. You notice things about the modern Church that don’t seem right, but you may not fully understand why. You still trust many aspects of the Church today but have lingering doubts. This essay will provide insight into the changes that have occurred within the Church and help you make sense of the things that don’t sit right with you. Keep an open mind and heart as you read, and ask God for clarity and understanding.
Prayer:
O Holy Spirit, fill my heart with wisdom and peace as I search for the truth. Guide me on the path that leads to holiness and help me to understand Your will. Amen.
0-2 Yes Answers:
You are a Satisfied Modern Catholic. You seem aligned with the Church’s current direction and feel comfortable with the changes. However, this essay will provide an opportunity to explore the deeper concerns of those who feel differently. Even if you feel content with the Church’s modern direction, I encourage you to keep reading. This essay will offer a perspective you may not have considered and help you better understand the concerns of others. Ask God for openness as you read and reflect on what is presented.
Prayer:
Lord, I trust in Your guidance and ask for the grace to understand Your ways more deeply. Help me to be open to the wisdom of the ages and to grow closer to You. Amen.
Questionnaire for Lapsed Catholics
Please answer "Yes" or "No" for each of the following questions:
Did you stop attending Church because the reverence and mystery of the Mass seemed lost?
Did modern changes in the liturgy or Church teaching make you uncomfortable or confused?
Have you felt disconnected from the Church because it no longer feels like the faith of your childhood?
Do you find the Church’s new focus on social issues distracting from its mission of saving souls?
Are you looking for a deeper connection to the traditional Catholic teachings you once knew?
Does the Church’s stance on issues like marriage and family seem more lenient or unclear to you?
Did the ambiguity in Church teachings contribute to your decision to leave?
Have you wondered whether the Church has abandoned its true mission for political or social causes?
Do you feel drawn to a more traditional form of Catholic worship, such as the Latin Mass?
Are you considering coming back but are unsure whether the Church has returned to its roots?
Evaluate Your Score:
9-10 Yes Answers:
You are a Disillusioned Traditionalist. You left the Church because of modern changes, and you long for the faith of your childhood or earlier. This essay will help you find the roots of the Church again. Welcome back to the faith. This essay will guide you as you rediscover the rich traditions of the Church that you once loved. Allow God to work in your heart and lead you back to the beauty and truth of the Catholic Church.
Prayer:
O Sacred Heart of Jesus, I place all my trust in You. Draw me back to Your heart and lead me to the fullness of the faith that I once knew. Amen.
5-8 Yes Answers:
You are a Cautious Returner. You’ve left the Church but are now questioning your decision. You’re unsure whether the Church has changed too much or if you can find the roots of your faith again. This essay will help you reflect on what has changed in the Church and whether a return to tradition is possible. Keep an open heart as you explore these ideas.
Prayer:
Lord, give me the courage to return to You. Help me to rediscover the fullness of Your truth and guide me back to Your Church. Amen.
0-4 Yes Answers:
You are a Contented Wanderer. You left the Church but are content with where you are now. However, this essay offers a chance to explore what the Church was before Vatican II, and you may find new reasons to consider returning.
Even if you feel at peace with your decision, I encourage you to explore what the Church once was and how it has changed. This essay may offer insights that surprise you.
Prayer:
Holy Spirit, give me the grace to explore the truth with an open heart. Help me to understand the beauty of the Church and draw me closer to the fullness of faith. Amen.
Questionnaire for Non-Catholics or Protestants
Please answer "Yes" or "No" for each of the following questions:
Are you drawn to the Catholic Church because of its ancient traditions?
Do you feel that the Church today lacks the mystery and depth that you expected?
Have you wondered why the Mass has become more casual compared to its ancient form?
Are you confused by the Church’s teachings on salvation, especially regarding other Christian denominations?
Are you interested in the traditional Latin Mass as a more authentic expression of Catholic worship?
Do you feel that the Church’s teachings on morality, especially concerning marriage and sexuality, have become unclear?
Are you concerned that the Church has become too politically aligned with modern social causes?
Are you exploring Catholicism because you seek something deeper than what modern culture offers?
Do you feel that the Church’s leadership has strayed from its original mission?
Are you curious about the traditional teachings of the Church that existed before the Vatican II council?
Evaluate Your Score:
9-10 Yes Answers:
You are a Truth Seeker. You are searching for something deeper and more meaningful than the modern Church or your current tradition offers. This essay will help you explore what the Catholic Church once was and may still be. Continue to seek the truth. This essay will provide insight into the ancient traditions of the Church, and it may lead you toward a more authentic experience of the Catholic faith.
Prayer:
Come Holy Spirit, fill my heart with the light of Your truth. Lead me to the fullness of faith and guide me on my journey toward You. Amen.
5-8 Yes Answers:
You are a Curious Explorer. You have some interest in the Catholic Church but are unsure whether its current form aligns with your expectations. This essay will offer insights into the changes that have taken place and help you explore whether traditional Catholicism may be what you are seeking. This essay will guide you through the history and changes within the Church. Keep an open heart, and allow yourself to be led toward a deeper understanding of what the Catholic faith truly offers.
Prayer:
Lord, give me the grace to seek the truth and the courage to follow where it leads. Help me to understand the richness of Your Church. Amen.
0-4 Yes Answers:
You are a Casual Observer. You may have some curiosity about the Catholic Church but do not feel deeply connected to its teachings or traditions. However, this essay offers an opportunity to explore what the Church was before modern changes and may provide you with a new perspective. Even if you feel disconnected from the Church, I encourage you to read with an open heart. This essay may reveal aspects of the Catholic faith that you had not considered.
Prayer:
Lord, guide my heart as I seek to understand Your truth. Help me to remain open to the beauty and depth of Your Church. Amen.
A Call to Reflection
As you reflect on your answers to the questionnaire, remember that you are not alone. Many Catholics, both clergy and laypeople, are wrestling with the same questions and concerns about the direction of the Church. This essay offers an opportunity to explore those concerns in depth and to discover whether the traditional Catholic faith might offer the clarity, reverence, and depth that you’ve been seeking. As you continue through the chapters ahead, keep an open heart and mind. Trust that God will guide you to the truth, and allow this journey to be one of discovery and renewal.
Twelve Prominent Novus Ordo Clergy Who Are Speaking Out
Below are 12 influential clergy members who have voiced their concerns about the current direction of the Church. These figures have raised their voices for clarity, tradition, and doctrinal purity in the face of modern challenges and changes.
1. Archbishop Carlo Maria Viganò
Archbishop Viganò, former Apostolic Nuncio to the United States, became internationally known in 2018 when he accused Pope Francis of covering up abuse scandals. He has since become a major critic of what he sees as modernist influences within the Church hierarchy, particularly under Pope Francis’ leadership.
“The crisis we are facing is due to a spiritual blindness at the highest levels of the Church hierarchy.”
“The confusion among the faithful today is not accidental; it has been deliberately fostered.”
“We must resist the false sense of unity that undermines the truth of the faith.”
2. Cardinal Raymond Burke
Cardinal Burke is the former head of the Apostolic Signatura, the Church’s highest judicial authority. Known for his defense of traditional Catholic teachings and the Latin Mass, Burke has been a vocal critic of modernist tendencies in the Church, particularly around issues of marriage, family, and liturgical reform.
“We are witnessing confusion and division like never before, and this is a sign that something has gone terribly wrong.”
“The loss of sacredness in the liturgy is a symptom of a deeper crisis of faith.”
“A pope's authority is not absolute; it must always be exercised in conformity with the Church’s tradition.”
3. Bishop Athanasius Schneider
Bishop Schneider, auxiliary bishop of Kazakhstan, is one of the most outspoken defenders of the traditional Latin Mass and traditional Church doctrine. Schneider has repeatedly called for a return to orthodoxy in the Church, especially in response to modernism and the erosion of clear moral teaching.
“Modernism is a poison that has infiltrated the Church under the guise of renewal.”
“Faithfulness to the traditions of the Church is not optional; it is essential for salvation.”
“We must remain steadfast in the face of modernist trends that seek to dilute the faith.”
4. Cardinal Gerhard Müller
Cardinal Müller, former Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, has been a vocal critic of what he views as doctrinal ambiguity under Pope Francis. Müller has consistently emphasized the importance of preserving the Church’s teachings on marriage, family, and the Eucharist, warning against adapting doctrine to fit modern trends.
“The teachings of the Church are not subject to change based on popular opinion or cultural trends.”
“We are living through a time of doctrinal confusion that has no precedent in recent history.”
“The truths of the faith are eternal and cannot be altered to accommodate modern sensibilities.”
5. Cardinal Robert Sarah
Cardinal Sarah, former Prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worship, is widely respected for his defense of the sacred liturgy and his deeply spiritual writings. Sarah has consistently called for the Church to resist secularism and to remain focused on its divine mission rather than being consumed by political and social causes.
“The Church is not called to adapt to the world, but to transform it by holding fast to the truths of Christ.”
“The liturgy must reflect the sacred and not conform to the desires of the modern world.”
“A Church that no longer teaches eternal truths is no longer the Church of Christ.”
6. Cardinal Joseph Zen
Cardinal Zen, the retired Bishop of Hong Kong, has been a fierce advocate for the persecuted underground Church in China. Zen has been one of the most vocal critics of Vatican diplomacy regarding China, accusing the Vatican of compromising with the Chinese Communist regime at the expense of faithful Catholics.
“The Church should not compromise with political regimes that seek to silence the truth.”
“A Church that bows to political pressures will lose its moral authority.”
“We must stand firm in defending the faith, even when faced with persecution.”
7. Archbishop Jan Pawel Lenga
Archbishop Lenga, retired archbishop of Karaganda, Kazakhstan, has been vocal in criticizing what he sees as the collapse of traditional faith in the modern Church. He is known for standing firmly against the dilution of doctrine, particularly concerning moral and liturgical issues.
“The Church has abandoned its mission to save souls and has become too focused on worldly affairs.”
“The truth cannot be compromised for the sake of appeasement.”
“We must return to the clear and uncompromising teachings of Christ and His Church.”
8. Bishop Marian Eleganti
Bishop Eleganti, an auxiliary bishop in Switzerland, has been a consistent voice against the ambiguities in moral and doctrinal teachings under Pope Francis’ leadership. He has spoken strongly about the need for clarity and adherence to traditional teachings.
“The Church’s moral teachings have become ambiguous, leaving the faithful without clear guidance.”
“We must speak clearly about sin, repentance, and the need for conversion.”
“The confusion in the Church today is leading many souls astray.”
9. Fr. Gerald Murray
Fr. Gerald Murray, a canon lawyer and regular commentator on Catholic issues, has frequently raised concerns about the loss of doctrinal clarity in the Church, especially regarding marriage, family, and the Eucharist. He regularly appears on Catholic media outlets to discuss these issues.
“The Church is meant to provide clarity, not ambiguity, in matters of faith and morals.”
“Catholics are right to be concerned about the loss of clear teaching on issues like marriage and family.”
“There must be a return to the unambiguous truths of the Catholic faith.”
10. Cardinal Walter Brandmüller
Cardinal Brandmüller, one of the so-called “dubia cardinals,” has been one of the most consistent voices questioning the direction of the Church, especially regarding doctrinal changes. His background as a Church historian has fueled his commitment to preserving tradition.
“The Church cannot change its teachings to align with modern sensibilities.”
“It is the duty of the Church to safeguard the truth, not adapt it to current trends.”
“The growing confusion among the faithful is a sign of a deeper crisis in the Church.”
11. Fr. Thomas Weinandy
A theologian and member of the International Theological Commission, Fr. Weinandy has raised concerns about doctrinal ambiguity and Church leadership. He has been vocal about how the Church’s unclear teaching is leading to confusion among the laity.
“The Church is facing a crisis of leadership that has led to doctrinal confusion.”
“The truths of the faith must be proclaimed clearly, without ambiguity.”
“Catholics are being led into confusion by teachings that seem to contradict the faith.”
12. Cardinal Willem Eijk
Cardinal Eijk, archbishop of Utrecht, has been a prominent critic of modern relativism in the Church. He has consistently defended traditional Catholic teaching on marriage, family, and life issues, urging the Church to resist the temptation to conform to modern culture.
“The Church must not conform to the world, but proclaim the unchanging truths of Christ.”
“Relativism is leading many Catholics away from the true faith.”
“We must resist the temptation to compromise the faith for the sake of modernity.”
Purpose and History of Church Councils
Throughout the centuries, the Catholic Church has convened councils to address pressing heresies, doctrinal disputes, or crises of faith that threatened the unity and purity of the Church. These councils brought together bishops, theologians, and Church leaders from across the world to defend the faith, clarify Church teachings, and strengthen the Church's mission. Each council has played a critical role in shaping the doctrines of the Church and ensuring its survival amidst external challenges. Below are some of the most important councils in Church history:
1. The Council of Nicaea (325 AD)
Purpose: The first ecumenical council, convened by Emperor Constantine, was called to address the Arian heresy, which denied the divinity of Christ. Arius, a priest from Alexandria, claimed that Christ was not fully divine but a created being, a view that threatened the Church's understanding of the Holy Trinity.
Key Teachings: The Nicene Creed was formulated at this council, which defined Jesus Christ as "consubstantial" with the Father, meaning He is of the same divine substance. This Creed remains a fundamental profession of faith for Christians today.
Result on the Church and Faithful: The Council of Nicaea clarified and preserved the Church’s teaching on the divinity of Christ, reaffirming the doctrine of the Trinity. By rejecting Arianism, the council strengthened the Church’s unity and protected the integrity of Christian belief. This council laid the foundation for many subsequent doctrinal clarifications, and the Nicene Creed continues to be recited at Masses to this day, uniting the faithful in their core beliefs.
2. The Council of Ephesus (431 AD)
Purpose: The Council of Ephesus was convened to combat the Nestorian heresy, which argued that Christ was two distinct persons—one divine and one human—and therefore denied that the Virgin Mary could be called the "Mother of God" (Theotokos). Nestorius, Patriarch of Constantinople, propagated this teaching, sparking theological conflict.
Key Teachings: The council affirmed that Christ is one person with two natures, fully divine and fully human. As a result, Mary was declared the Mother of God (Theotokos), reinforcing the unity of Christ's divinity and humanity.
Result on the Church and Faithful: This council was pivotal in safeguarding the Church’s Christological doctrine, ensuring that Christ’s divinity and humanity were perfectly united. The title of Mary as Theotokos also deepened Marian devotion among the faithful, emphasizing her unique role in salvation history. The decisions of Ephesus helped foster greater unity in understanding the Incarnation and the nature of Christ.
3. The Council of Chalcedon (451 AD)
Purpose: Chalcedon was called to resolve the Monophysite heresy, which claimed that Christ had only one divine nature, denying His true humanity. This heresy directly contradicted the Church's teaching on the Incarnation.
Key Teachings: The Chalcedonian Definition was established, affirming that Christ is one person with two natures—divine and human—united without confusion, change, division, or separation. This teaching further clarified the Church’s understanding of Christology.
Result on the Church and Faithful: The Council of Chalcedon decisively upheld the doctrine of the dual nature of Christ, which remains central to Catholic theology today. It protected the integrity of the belief that Christ is fully God and fully man, a mystery essential for the understanding of the Incarnation, Redemption, and the Eucharist. Chalcedon also reinforced the Church's unity by providing a definitive answer to ongoing Christological controversies.
4. The Fourth Lateran Council (1215 AD)
Purpose: The Fourth Lateran Council, convened by Pope Innocent III, was one of the most influential councils of the Middle Ages. Its primary goal was to address heretical movements such as the Cathars and Waldensians, and to reform the Church from within, focusing on clerical morality, discipline, and the administration of the sacraments.
Key Teachings: The council issued several decrees, but one of the most important was the formal definition of Transubstantiation, which explained that during the consecration at Mass, the bread and wine are transformed into the Body and Blood of Christ while maintaining the appearance of bread and wine. This teaching solidified the Church’s understanding of the Eucharist as a true, substantial presence of Christ.
Result on the Church and Faithful: The Fourth Lateran Council’s formal definition of Transubstantiation deepened the faithful’s reverence for the Eucharist. It also introduced mandatory annual confession and reception of the Eucharist during the Easter season, increasing the spiritual participation of Catholics in the sacraments. The council’s reforms aimed to strengthen the Church’s moral and spiritual integrity during a time of internal and external threats.
5. The Council of Trent (1545-1563 AD)
Purpose: The Council of Trent was convened in response to the Protestant Reformation, which had caused a major split within Christianity and challenged key doctrines of the Catholic Church. The council aimed to address Protestant claims, reform the Church from within, and reaffirm Catholic teachings on the sacraments, salvation, and Church authority.
Key Teachings:
Sacraments: The council reaffirmed the Church’s teaching that there are seven sacraments, all instituted by Christ as channels of grace.
Justification: Trent upheld that justification is by faith and works, opposing the Protestant idea of sola fide (faith alone). It emphasized the necessity of both grace and human cooperation in the process of salvation.
Scripture and Tradition: The council affirmed the equal authority of Sacred Scripture and Sacred Tradition, rejecting the Protestant doctrine of sola scriptura (Scripture alone).
Infallible Teachings on the Eucharist: The council reaffirmed Transubstantiation and the Real Presence of Christ in the Eucharist.
Result on the Church and Faithful: The Council of Trent revitalized the Catholic Church by providing clear, authoritative answers to Protestant claims and reforming internal practices. It launched the Counter-Reformation, leading to the flourishing of religious orders like the Jesuits, and renewed Catholic spirituality through a deepened appreciation of the sacraments. Trent’s decrees strengthened the unity of the Church and its members, creating the doctrinal framework that would guide Catholicism for centuries.
6. The First Vatican Council (1869-1870 AD)
Purpose: The First Vatican Council, convened by Pope Pius IX, sought to address the growing influence of rationalism, materialism, and liberalism, which were challenging the role of faith and the Church in the modern world. There was a need to reassert the Church’s authority in an era marked by intellectual and social upheavals.
Key Teachings:
Papal Infallibility: The council declared that the pope is infallible when speaking ex cathedra (from the chair) on matters of faith and morals, meaning that when he defines a doctrine as necessary for belief by all Christians, he is protected from error by the Holy Spirit.
Faith and Reason: Vatican I affirmed that faith and reason are not in conflict but rather complement each other. While faith transcends reason, it is not irrational.
Result on the Church and Faithful: The definition of papal infallibility strengthened the pope’s authority as the supreme pastor of the Church, especially in guiding doctrinal matters. This teaching reassured the faithful that the Church, under the pope’s leadership, could definitively safeguard truth. The council also fortified the Church against the growing trends of secularism and intellectual challenges, reaffirming the importance of faith in the face of modern doubts.
7. The Unusual Nature of Vatican II (1962-1965 AD)
In contrast to previous councils, which were called to address specific heresies or crises, the Second Vatican Council was convened without any clear doctrinal crisis. The Church, in fact, was flourishing before Vatican II:
Vocations were strong: Seminaries were full, and religious orders were experiencing unprecedented growth.
Mass attendance was high: Catholics regularly attended Mass, and the sacramental life of the Church was vibrant.
Belief in the supernatural was strong: Catholics had a clear understanding of key doctrines, such as the Real Presence of Christ in the Eucharist, the importance of the sacraments, and the authority of the Church.
Pope John XXIII called the Second Vatican Council to "open the windows of the Church to the modern world." His goal was a pastoral aggiornamento, or updating, to make the Church more accessible to modern society. The changes introduced by the council, however, have been controversial and far-reaching, particularly in the areas of liturgy, ecumenism, and religious liberty.
Liturgy: The Mass was reformed, and the traditional Latin Mass was largely replaced by the Novus Ordo said in the vernacular language, which emphasized the participation of the laity but, for many, lost much of the sacredness and reverence associated with the Tridentine Mass.
Ecumenism: Vatican II promoted dialogue with other Christian denominations and non-Christian religions, a move that some believe weakened the Church’s teaching on the necessity of the Catholic Church for salvation.
Religious Liberty: The document Dignitatis Humanae introduced a new approach to religious liberty, which some interpreted as contradicting the Church’s previous teachings. While earlier councils taught that error has no rights, Vatican II emphasized the right of individuals to religious freedom. This shift led some to question whether the Church was compromising its commitment to the truth.
Result on the Church and Faithful: The changes of Vatican II had a profound impact on the Church and the faithful, but unlike earlier councils, the effects were not uniformly positive. While the council aimed to foster a new openness and dialogue with the modern world, its reforms led to confusion and division among Catholics. Traditional practices, such as the Latin Mass and time-honored devotions, were replaced or deemphasized, causing a rift between those who embraced the changes and those who resisted them.
Vocations to the priesthood and religious life declined dramatically after the council, Mass attendance dropped, and many Catholics became unsure of core doctrines that had previously been clear. The introduction of more casual, less formal liturgical practices contributed to a loss of reverence for the Eucharist, and the focus on ecumenism led some to feel that the Church was compromising its unique role as the ark of salvation.
As Cardinal Raymond Burke remarked:
“We are witnessing confusion and division like never before, and this is a sign that something has gone terribly wrong.”
The Second Vatican Council marked a significant turning point in Church history. Unlike previous councils that were called to address a specific crisis or doctrinal challenge, Vatican II sought to "update" the Church in response to the modern world. But in doing so, it opened the door to new interpretations and practices that have led to a loss of clarity and continuity in many areas of Church life.
As Archbishop Carlo Maria Viganò explained:
"The crisis we are facing is due to a spiritual blindness at the highest levels of the Church hierarchy."
Key Concepts You Need to Know
In understanding what happened to the Catholic Church, we will explore several important terms that were foundational to the changes brought by Vatican II. Here are a few key concepts:
1. Ecumenism
Definition: Ecumenism refers to efforts to promote unity between different Christian denominations and even non-Christian religions.
Pre-Vatican II Teaching: Pope Pius XI condemned ecumenism in his encyclical Mortalium Animos (1928), stating:
"The union of Christians can only be promoted by promoting the return to the one true Church of Christ, which is the Catholic Church."
Before Vatican II, ecumenism was viewed as a threat to the Catholic Church’s mission because it implied that salvation could be found outside of Catholicism, which contradicts the Church’s traditional teaching.
Vatican II’s Shift: Documents like Nostra Aetate from Vatican II promoted dialogue with non-Christian religions, raising concerns among traditional Catholics that this approach blurred the lines between truth and error. Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre, founder of the Society of St. Pius X, was one of the most vocal critics of this change:
"Ecumenism has led to the false idea that all religions can lead to God, and this is a betrayal of the Catholic faith."
2. Indifferentism
Definition: Indifferentism is the belief that all religions are equally valid paths to God, undermining the necessity of the Catholic Church for salvation.
Pre-Vatican II Teaching: Pope Gregory XVI, in his encyclical Mirari Vos (1832), condemned indifferentism, calling it a "pernicious error":
"This perverse opinion, that all religions are equal, undermines the foundations of the true faith."
Post-Vatican II Confusion: With the Church’s emphasis on dialogue and respect for other religions after Vatican II, many Catholics began to believe that belonging to the Catholic Church was not necessary for salvation. Fr. Anthony Cekada, warned:
"The Vatican II reforms have led to the widespread acceptance of indifferentism, confusing the faithful about the unique role of the Catholic Church as the only means of salvation."
3. Relativism
Definition: Relativism is the belief that there is no absolute truth, especially in matters of religion and morality, and that truth varies from person to person or culture to culture.
Pre-Vatican II Teaching: Pope Pius IX condemned relativism in his Syllabus of Errors (1864), stating:
"The Church teaches that truth is objective and unchanging, rooted in the teachings of Christ. Relativism is incompatible with the Catholic Faith."
Vatican II’s Shift: Many traditional Catholics argue that the changes of Vatican II, by introducing ambiguity and openness to modern ideas, opened the door to relativism in the Church. Cardinal Gerhard Müller highlighted this issue:
"The growing acceptance of relativism within the Church has eroded our understanding of objective truth, leaving many Catholics unsure of what the Church teaches."
4. Modernism
Definition: Modernism is a synthesis of all heresies that seeks to reinterpret Catholic doctrine in light of modern ideas and philosophies.
Pre-Vatican II Teaching: Pope St. Pius X condemned modernism in his encyclical Pascendi Dominici Gregis (1907), calling it "the synthesis of all heresies":
"Modernism seeks to reshape the Catholic Faith to fit modern philosophical trends, undermining the supernatural truths of the faith."
Impact After Vatican II: Sedevacantist clergy have consistently argued that Vatican II’s reforms, especially in the liturgy and sacraments, were deeply influenced by modernism. Fr. Dominic Radecki described the changes as a "modernist revolution":
"The post-Vatican II Church, through its liturgical reforms and ambiguous teachings, has embraced modernist tendencies that compromise the very essence of Catholicism."
5. Religious Liberty
Definition: Religious liberty, as defined by Vatican II, suggests that individuals have the right to choose and practice any religion according to their conscience.
Pre-Vatican II Teaching: Pope Pius IX, in his encyclical Quanta Cura (1864), condemned religious liberty as a false doctrine:
"The idea that liberty of conscience and worship should be a civil right is erroneous, for error has no rights in comparison to truth."
Vatican II’s Approach: The document Dignitatis Humanae from Vatican II introduced a new approach to religious liberty, which many traditional Catholics argue contradicts previous Church teachings. Bishop Donald Sanborn, a prominent sedevacantist, has been critical of this shift:
"Religious liberty as promoted by Vatican II undermines the Church’s authority to proclaim the truth and allows error to be treated as equal to truth."
The Tale of Two Masses
Traditional Latin Mass: also known as the Tridentine Mass, was formally codified by Pope St. Pius V in 1570 following the Council of Trent (1545–1563), hence the name "Tridentine." While the roots of the Latin Mass go back centuries before that, Pope Pius V's papal bull Quo Primum established a standardized liturgy across the Roman Catholic Church, requiring it to be used everywhere unless another liturgy had been in place for over 200 years. This Mass, with minor revisions over time, remained the standard form of worship for almost 400 years.
Novus Ordo Mass: (the New Order of Mass) was introduced by Pope Paul VI in 1969 following the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965). The Council called for reforms to make the liturgy more accessible, emphasizing the use of the vernacular (local languages) rather than Latin. The promulgation of the new liturgy came through the Apostolic Constitution Missale Romanum, which led to significant changes in the structure of the Mass, the roles of the clergy and laity, and the overall presentation of the liturgy. This form of Mass became the standard for most Catholic parishes worldwide.
The Impact of the Councils on the Church and Faithful
Each Church council played a crucial role in safeguarding and clarifying the truths of the faith, ensuring that the Church remained true to Christ’s teachings in the face of new challenges. The councils upheld and deepened the faithful's understanding of core doctrines such as the divinity of Christ, the nature of the sacraments, and the authority of the Church. Councils like Nicaea, Trent, and Vatican I brought stability to the Church, preserved its unity, and strengthened the faithful by providing clear doctrinal definitions. The Nicene Creed, the Chalcedonian Definition, and the doctrine of papal infallibility are among the most important outcomes of these councils, leaving a lasting impact on the faith and practices of Catholics worldwide. However, the Second Vatican Council differed in its approach and outcomes. While it sought to renew the Church and engage more effectively with the modern world, many believe that it led to doctrinal ambiguity and a weakening of traditional practices. Unlike councils of the past, Vatican II has had a divisive effect, leaving some Catholics searching for clarity and others embracing the new direction.
The Changes Introduced by Vatican II
The changes introduced by Vatican II have not only altered the Mass but have affected the core teachings of the Church. These changes have left many Catholics confused, disillusioned, or disconnected from the faith they once knew. Whether you are currently practicing the Novus Ordo faith, considering a return to the Church, or simply curious about Catholicism, it’s crucial to examine these changes and question whether they align with the faith handed down from the apostles.
As we explore further, you will see that the true Catholic Church—one that maintains its sacred traditions and teachings—still exists. It is up to you to seek it out, rediscover the richness of the Catholic faith, and protect your spiritual journey from the distortions introduced by Vatican II.
Since the Second Vatican Council (Vatican II) closed in 1965, confusion and uncertainty have plagued the Catholic Church. Catholics who once had a clear understanding of their faith are now confronted with ambiguity. Teachings that were once universally upheld now appear to be open to interpretation, leading many to ask: What happened to the Catholic Church? Did Vatican II, in its efforts to modernize the Church, depart from the traditional Catholic faith handed down for centuries? The purpose of this essay is to address these questions, explore the crisis Vatican II has caused, and offer a path forward for the faithful who seek the truth.
The Catholic Church before Vatican II stood as a fortress of certainty and consistency, unwavering in its doctrines and practices. The faith, passed down from the apostles through centuries of papal authority, was a beacon of clarity for Catholics around the world.
Pope Pius IX, in his Syllabus of Errors (1864), warned of the dangers of modernism, liberalism, and religious indifferentism:
"The idea that the Church must reconcile itself to the modern world is a pernicious error that undermines the integrity of the Faith."
Yet, in the years following Vatican II, the Church appears to have done precisely what Pope Pius IX warned against: it has embraced modernity. This chapter will introduce the confusion that has emerged in the post-Vatican II Church, raise questions about whether something has gone deeply wrong, and set the stage for a deeper investigation into the root of this crisis.
The Confusion and Vagueness of Post-Vatican II Teachings
One of the most striking characteristics of the post-Vatican II Church is the widespread confusion among the faithful. Where once the Church’s teachings on issues such as the sacraments, salvation, and moral theology were clear and uncompromising, they now seem open to multiple interpretations. Terms like "ecumenism," "religious liberty," and "collegiality" are now commonly heard, but what do they really mean? Are they consistent with the faith that Catholics have always known, or do they represent a break with tradition?
Romano Amerio, in his book Iota Unum, highlights the shift in Church teaching after Vatican II:
“Vatican II introduced a new spirit into the Church, a spirit of dialogue and compromise that has undermined the clarity of doctrine. What was once certain is now subject to endless debate” (Amerio, Iota Unum, 1989).
The ambiguity in the Church’s post-Vatican II teachings has left many Catholics in a state of spiritual confusion. Where the Church once confidently proclaimed the necessity of salvation through Christ and His Church, it now appears to suggest that salvation may be possible through other religions. This raises a profound question: has the Church changed its teaching, or has it simply become unclear?
Did Vatican II Mark a Rupture?
To understand the crisis in the Church today, we must ask: Did Vatican II represent a rupture with the Church’s past? The Council, called by John XXIII (Angelo Roncalli), was presented as a pastoral council, not intended to define new doctrines or contradict the past. Yet, many of its documents seem to challenge centuries of Catholic teaching. The most significant example of this is the Council’s teaching on religious liberty, articulated in the document Dignitatis Humanae. This document declares that:
“The human person has a right to religious freedom. This freedom means that all men are to be immune from coercion on the part of individuals or of social groups and of any human power” (Dignitatis Humanae, 1965).
This teaching appears to contradict the Church’s long-standing position that error has no rights and that the state, when possible, should promote and defend the Catholic faith.
Pope Leo XIII, in his encyclical Libertas (1888), taught:
“The Church does not concede that the state is free to uphold or allow any religion to exist indiscriminately alongside the true Catholic faith. Error cannot have the same rights as truth.”
Such doctrinal shifts raise serious questions: If Vatican II teaches something different from the pre-Vatican II Church, is it truly Catholic?
Bishop Donald Sanborn, a prominent critic of Vatican II, argues that the Council represents a break with tradition:
“The changes introduced by Vatican II, particularly in areas like religious liberty, ecumenism, and the liturgy, mark a clear departure from the Catholic Faith as it was handed down for nearly 2,000 years” (Sanborn, The Reformed Mass: Its History and Theology, 2005).
A Departure from Historical Catholic Teaching?
The crisis sparked by Vatican II becomes even more apparent when we examine the changes it introduced in the liturgy and the sacraments. The traditional Latin Mass, which had been celebrated for centuries, was replaced by the Novus Ordo Missae, a new Mass introduced by Paul VI (Giovanni Montini) in 1969. This new liturgy was designed to be more accessible, more "modern," and more in line with the spirit of Vatican II. However, many traditional Catholics have criticized the new Mass for diminishing the sacrificial nature of the Eucharist and for introducing practices that resemble Protestant worship services.
Fr. Dominic Radecki, in Tumultuous Times, explains the profound impact of the new Mass:
“The Novus Ordo Missae is not simply a reformation of the liturgy but a revolution. It shifts the focus away from the sacrifice of the Mass and transforms it into a communal meal, blurring the line between Catholicism and Protestantism” (Radecki, Tumultuous Times, 2004).
The changes in the Mass, combined with the reforms introduced in the sacraments of ordination, Confirmation, and Confession, have led many to question whether the post-Vatican II sacraments are even valid. If these changes have compromised the sacraments, the very channels of grace necessary for salvation, then the stakes could not be higher.
As Pope St. Pius X warned in his encyclical Pascendi Dominici Gregis (1907):
“Modernism, the synthesis of all heresies, seeks to undermine not only the Church’s doctrine but also its sacraments, making them devoid of grace and power.”
The Stakes for Salvation
The confusion and changes wrought by Vatican II are not merely academic debates. They are matters of eternal consequence. The Church, as instituted by Christ, is the means of salvation for souls. It is through the sacraments, the teachings of the Church, and its unwavering adherence to truth that souls are saved. If Vatican II has indeed led the Church away from its mission, then it is leading souls away from salvation. This is not just a matter of liturgical preference or doctrinal interpretation—it is a matter of life and death.
Fr. Anthony Cekada emphasizes the gravity of the situation:
“The modernist Church born from Vatican II is leading souls to damnation. Catholics must wake up to this reality and seek out the true Church before it is too late” (Cekada, The Great Counterfeit Mass, 1992).
The crisis in the Church today has led many Catholics to ask: Can a Church that has deviated so far from its traditional teachings and practices still be the true Church? If Vatican II represents a rupture with the past, then the Vatican II Church cannot be the same Church that Christ founded.
Discovering the Truth
As we continue to explore the changes brought about by Vatican II, the reader must ask: Is the Church today truly the same Catholic Church that existed before the Council? Or has the Church, in its attempt to modernize, departed from the faith of our fathers? The evidence we will present in the following chapters will show that Vatican II did indeed mark a rupture with tradition—a rupture that has had devastating consequences for the faithful.
By examining the fruits of Vatican II—its doctrinal shifts, its liturgical changes, and its moral compromises—we will demonstrate that the Vatican II Church is not the same as the true Catholic Church. We will show that the post-Vatican II hierarchy, through its embrace of modernism, has led the Church away from the truth and into a crisis that threatens the salvation of souls.
Conclusion
The introduction of modernist ideas into the Church at Vatican II has led to confusion, doctrinal ambiguity, and the erosion of traditional Catholic practices. As we continue to explore the effects of Vatican II, it becomes increasingly clear that the Council marked a rupture with the past, and this rupture has had serious implications for the Church’s mission and for the salvation of souls.
In the chapters that follow, we will provide a detailed analysis of the changes introduced by Vatican II, the impact these changes have had on the Church, and the steps that faithful Catholics must take to safeguard their faith. The stakes could not be higher, and the truth must be sought. The time has come for the faithful to confront the crisis in the Church and to seek the path forward.
As Bishop Donald Sanborn reminds us:
“The Church today is in crisis. It has abandoned its traditions, its teachings, and its mission. It is time for Catholics to recognize this reality and to take action to preserve the true Faith” (Sanborn, The Reformed Mass: Its History and Theology, 2005)
As Cardinal Gerhard Müller has noted:
“We are living through a time of doctrinal confusion that has no precedent in recent history.”
A Short Yes/No Quiz
Are You Ready for the Next Chapter?
Before moving on to the next chapter, take a moment to reflect on what you’ve learned. Answer "Yes" or "No" to the following questions to see if you’re ready to continue:
Do you feel that the Church today is different from the one you grew up with or learned about in your youth?
Are you concerned that the changes introduced by Vatican II have led to confusion within the Church?
Do you believe that concepts like ecumenism, indifferentism, and relativism have undermined the Church’s mission to save souls?
Are you interested in learning more about how Vatican II may have marked a departure from the Church’s traditional teachings?
Do you feel a sense of unease when you see how the Church has changed its teachings on religious liberty or its approach to other religions?
Evaluate Your Answers:
If you answered "Yes" to most of these questions, you’re ready to move on to the next chapter, where we’ll explore these topics in greater detail.
If you answered "No" to many of these questions, consider revisiting key sections of Chapter 1 to reflect on the changes brought about by Vatican II.
Personal Reflection
Take a moment to reflect on your own experience with the Church. Do you feel that the Church has changed in ways that are concerning to you? How have these changes affected your personal faith? Write down your thoughts, and ask God for clarity as you continue this journey.
Closing Prayer
Hail Holy Queen, Mother of Mercy, our life, our sweetness, and our hope. To thee do we cry, poor banished children of Eve. To thee do we send up our sighs, mourning and weeping in this valley of tears. Turn then, most gracious advocate, thine eyes of mercy toward us, and after this our exile, show unto us the blessed fruit of thy womb, Jesus. O clement, O loving, O sweet Virgin Mary. Amen.
Path to Discovery
As you prepare to move to the next chapter, here are a few resources to deepen your understanding:
Recommended Reading: Iota Unum by Romano Amerio, Pascendi Dominici Gregis by Pope St. Pius X, The Great Counterfeit Mass by Fr. Anthony Cekada.
Action: Visit a Traditional Latin Mass near you, or watch one online, and observe the differences in reverence, worship, and teaching. Reflect on how it aligns with the traditional teachings of the Church.
